Sensors Deployment Strategies for Rescue Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) become a major tool for various security and surveillance applications to detect and monitor environmental changes, to control vehicle traffic, etc. For all these capabilities, we propose in this paper to use WSNs in rescue applications. These applications are critical in terms of network response time when disaster strikes. The network response time is the time required by sensor nodes to detect victims' positions and forward them to the sink node. In this paper, we consider two sensor nodes deployment strategies: linear and circular strategies. By deployment strategies, we mean initial nodes positioning and nodes movement procedures. Therefore, we simulate these two strategies under the WSNet simulator and derived the Monitored Area Sweep Time (MAST) (i.e., the time required by sensor nodes to scan all the area coordinates to find victims) and the energy dissipation due to node mobility. Simulation results are verified using analytical expressions of the zone sweep time and the energy dissipation. Finally, we extend the behavior of the sensor nodes deployment strategies to support nodes communication so that mobile sensors can forward victims' positions to the sink node.