Effects of Marine Toxins on the Reproduction and Early Stages Development of Aquatic Organisms

被引:60
|
作者
Vasconcelos, Vitor [1 ,2 ]
Azevedo, Joana [2 ]
Silva, Marisa [1 ,2 ]
Ramos, Vitor [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Porto, Fac Sci, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal
[2] CIMAR LA, CIIMAR, Marine & Environm Res Ctr, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal
来源
MARINE DRUGS | 2010年 / 8卷 / 01期
关键词
marine toxins; reproduction; larval development; early stages; PECTEN-MAXIMUS LINNAEUS; DOMOIC-ACID; OKADAIC ACID; PROTOGONYAULAX-TAMARENSIS; CARIBBEAN CIGUATOXINS; NODULARIA-SPUMIGENA; DISSOLVED SAXITOXIN; EURYTEMORA-AFFINIS; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; CRUDE EXTRACTS;
D O I
10.3390/md8010059
中图分类号
R914 [药物化学];
学科分类号
100701 ;
摘要
Marine organisms, and specially phytoplankton species, are able to produce a diverse array of toxic compounds that are not yet fully understood in terms of their main targets and biological function. Toxins such as saxitoxins, tetrodotoxin, palytoxin, nodularin, okadaic acid, domoic acid, may be produced in large amounts by dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, bacteria and diatoms and accumulate in vectors that transfer the toxin along food chains. These may affect top predator organisms, including human populations, leading in some cases to death. Nevertheless, these toxins may also affect the reproduction of aquatic organisms that may be in contact with the toxins, either by decreasing the amount or quality of gametes or by affecting embryonic development. Adults of some species may be insensitive to toxins but early stages are more prone to intoxication because they lack effective enzymatic systems to detoxify the toxins and are more exposed to the toxins due to a higher metabolic growth rate. In this paper we review the current knowledge on the effects of some of the most common marine toxins on the reproduction and development of early stages of some organisms.
引用
收藏
页码:59 / 79
页数:21
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