Laboratory Research on the Possibility of Producing Fuels from Municipal Sewage Sludge, Rubber Waste and Biomass

The paper presents the results of laboratory tests aimed to analyse the opportunities for fuel production based on municipal sewage sludge, rubber waste from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) and hazelnut and walnut shells in terms of their thermal transformation in the process of co-firing in the cement industry. The parameters of solid fuels used in the cement industry were determined for the fuels obtained in the study. The following parameters were determined in fuels: water content, ash content, sulphur content, and calorific value. The fuel composition and process of fuel preparation were designed so as not to use the energy-intensive process of pre-drying of municipal sewage sludge. However, it should be emphasized that the maximum percentage of municipal sewage sludge in fuel should not exceed 25% in order to maintain the parameters required by the cement industry. The analysis of the obtained parameters of OL and OW fuels demonstrated that the fuels obtained in the study meet the requirements for fuels used in the cement industry.