Increases in Emergency Department Occupancy Are Associated With Adverse 30-day Outcomes

被引:73
|
作者
McCusker, Jane [1 ,2 ]
Vadeboncoeur, Alain [3 ]
Levesque, Jean-Frederic [4 ,5 ]
Ciampi, Antonio [1 ,2 ]
Belzile, Eric [2 ]
机构
[1] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[2] St Marys Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[3] Montreal Inst Cardiol, Emergency Med Serv, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[4] Ctr Rech CHUM, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[5] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Montreal, PQ, Canada
关键词
LENGTH-OF-STAY; INPATIENT LENGTH; MORTALITY; COHORT;
D O I
10.1111/acem.12480
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
ObjectivesThe associations between emergency department (ED) crowding and patient outcomes have not been investigated comprehensively in different types of ED. The study objective was to examine the associations of changes over time in ED occupancy with patient outcomes in a sample of EDs that vary by size and location. A secondary objective was to explore whether the relationship between ED occupancy and patient outcomes differed by ED characteristics (size/type and medical and nursing staffing ratios). MethodsUsing linked administrative databases, the authors constructed a cohort of 677,475 patients who visited one of 42 hospital EDs with complete data for 2005 on ED bed and waiting room occupancy. Crowding was measured with the relative occupancy ratio separately for ED bed and waiting room patients, defined as the ratio of ED occupancy on the day of the index ED visit to the average annual occupancy at that same ED. Multivariable logistic regression (adjusting for patient and ED characteristics) was used to analyze 30-day outcomes: mortality, return ED visits, and hospital admission at the first return ED visit. ResultsAfter adjustment for ED and patient characteristics, a 10% increase in ED bed relative occupancy ratio was associated with 3% increases in death and hospital admission at a return visit. A 10% increase in ED waiting room crowding was associated with a small decrease in return visits. There was a stronger association between bed crowding and mortality among larger EDs. ConclusionsIn Quebec EDs, increases in bed occupancy are associated with an increase in the rates of 30-day adverse outcomes, even after adjustment for patient and ED characteristics. The results raise important concerns about the quality of care during periods of ED crowding. Resumen ObjetivosLas asociaciones entre la saturacion del Servicio de Urgencias (SU) y los resultados de los pacientes no se han investigado totalmente en los diferentes tipos de SU. El objetivo fue examinar las asociaciones de los cambios a lo largo del tiempo en la ocupacion del SU con los resultados del pacientes en una muestra de SU que varian en tamano y localizacion. Un objetivo secundario fue explorar si la relacion entre la ocupacion del SU y los resultados del paciente difieren por las caracteristicas del SU (tamano/tipo) y las proporciones de enfermeras y medicos. MetodologiaMediante bases de datos administrativas vinculadas, se construyo una cohorte de 677.475 pacientes que visitaron uno de los 42 SU hospitalarios con datos completos para el 2005 respecto a ocupacion de cama de urgencias y sala de espera. La saturacion se midio con la razon de ocupacion relativa de forma separada para la cama del SU y los pacientes en la sala de espera, definida como la razon de ocupacion del SU en el dia de la visita al SU indice y el promedio anual de ocupacion del mismo SU. Se utilizo una regresion logistica multivariable (ajustada al paciente y las caracteristica del SU) para analizar los resultados a los 30 dias: mortalidad, revisitas al SU e ingreso hospitalario en la primera revisita al SU. ResultadosTras ajustar por las caracteristicas del paciente y del SU, un incremento de un 10% en la razon de ocupacion relativa de cama del SU se asocio con un incremento de un 3% en la mortalidad e ingreso hospitalario en la revisita. Un incremento de un 10% en la saturacion de la sala de espera del SU se asocio con un pequeno descenso en las revisitas. Hubo una mayor asociacion entre saturacion de camas y mortalidad en los SU mas grandes. ConclusionesEn los SU en Quebec, los incrementos en la ocupacion de camas se asocian con un incremento en las frecuencias de resultados adversos a los 30 dias, incluso tras el ajuste por las caracteristicas del paciente y del SU. Estos resultados plantean cuestiones importantes sobre la calidad de la atencion durante los periodos de saturacion del SU.
引用
收藏
页码:1092 / 1100
页数:9
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