Topical vitamin C, vitamin E, and acetylcysteine as corneal wound healing agents: A comparative study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate wound healing abilities and efficacy of topical Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and acetylcysteine for their possible clinical use. Methods: The study was conducted on 36 eyes of 18 single-breed rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, of both sexes. A 7.5 mm calibrated vacuum corneal trephine was used to induce a defect of 100 micron depth in center of both the corneas. The right eye of rabbits was selected as the control eye and the left eye as the trial eye, which received eyedrops as Group 1-10% Vitamin C eyedrops, Group 2-3% acetylcysteine eye drops, and Group 3-1% Vitamin E eye drops. Control eyes received ringer lactate. Evaluation was done for fluorescein stain positivity, epithelial defect size, and corneal haze on Day 2, Day 7, and Day 14 post induction of the epithelial defect. Results: On day 14, three eyes of control group, all Vitamin C and acetylcysteine treated eyes, and four Vitamin E treated eyes were fluorescein stain negative. The mean defect area on day 14 was 0, 0, 0.13, and 1.86 mm(2) in Vitamin C, Vitamin E, acetylcysteine, and control eyes, respectively. Vitamin C and Vitamin E control corneal haze better than acetylcysteine in experimentally induced corneal wounds in rabbits. Conclusion: The three trial drugs with different mechanism of action showed similar effect on healing of the experimentally created corneal wounds in rabbits, with comparison showing statistical insignificance.