Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities

被引：74

作者：

Honorio Coronado, Euridice N. ^{[1
,2
]}

Dexter, Kyle G. ^{[3
,4
]}

Pennington, R. Toby ^{[4
]}

Chave, Jerome ^{[5
,6
]}

Lewis, Simon L. ^{[1
,7
]}

Alexiades, Miguel N. ^{[8
]}

Alvarez, Esteban ^{[9
]}

de Oliveira, Atila Alves ^{[10
]}

Amaral, Ieda L. ^{[10
]}

Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro ^{[11
,12
]}

Arets, Eric J. M. M. ^{[13
]}

Aymard, Gerardo A. ^{[14
]}

Baraloto, Christopher ^{[15
,16
]}

Bonal, Damien ^{[17
]}

Brienen, Roel ^{[1
]}

Ceron, Carlos ^{[18
]}

Cornejo Valverde, Fernando ^{[19
]}

Di Fiore, Anthony ^{[20
]}

Farfan-Rios, William ^{[21
,22
]}

Feldpausch, Ted R. ^{[23
]}

Higuchi, Niro ^{[24
]}

Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau ^{[25
]}

Laurance, Susan G. ^{[26
,27
]}

Laurance, William F. ^{[26
,27
]}

Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela ^{[1
]}

Marimon, Beatriz S. ^{[28
]}

Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur ^{[28
]}

Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel ^{[29
]}

Neill, David ^{[30
]}

Palacios Cuenca, Walter ^{[31
]}

Penuela Mora, Maria Cristina ^{[32
]}

Pitman, Nigel C. A. ^{[33
,34
]}

Prieto, Adriana ^{[35
]}

Quesada, Carlos A. ^{[24
]}

Ramirez Angulo, Hirma ^{[36
]}

Rudas, Agustin ^{[35
]}

Ruschel, Ademir R. ^{[37
]}

Salinas Revilla, Norma ^{[25
,38
]}

Salomao, Rafael P. ^{[39
]}

de Andrade, Ana Segalin ^{[40
]}

Silman, Miles R. ^{[21
,22
]}

Spironello, Wilson ^{[10
]}

ter Steege, Hans ^{[41
,42
]}

Terborgh, John ^{[33
]}

Toledo, Marisol ^{[43
]}

Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis ^{[29
]}

Vieira, Ima C. G. ^{[39
]}

Vilanova Torre, Emilio ^{[36
]}

Vos, Vincent ^{[44
]}

Phillips, Oliver L. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[2] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru

[3] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland

[4] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland

[5] CNRS, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, F-31062 Toulouse, France

[6] Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France

[7] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England

[8] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Canterbury CT1 3EH, Kent, England

[9] Jardin Bot Medellin, Medellin, Colombia

[10] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Projeto TEAM, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[11] Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[12] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[13] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Alterra, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands

[14] Herbario Univ PORT, UNELLEZ Guanare, Programa Agro & Mar, Mesa De Cavacas 3350, Estado Portugue, Venezuela

[15] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97387, French Guiana

[16] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA

[17] Univ Lorraine, UMR EEF INRA, F-54280 Champenoux, France

[18] Univ Cent Ecuador, Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Quito, Ecuador

[19] Andes Amazon Biodivers Program, Madre De Dios, Peru

[20] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[21] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA

[22] Wake Forest Univ, Ctr Energy Environm & Sustainabil, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA

[23] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England

[24] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[25] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Cuzco, Peru

[26] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia

[27] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia

[28] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, BR-78690000 Nova Xavantina, Brazil

[29] Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Peru

[30] Univ Estatal Amazonica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador

[31] Univ Tecn Norte, Quito, Ecuador

[32] Univ Reg Amazonica Ikiam, Tena, Napo, Ecuador

[33] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC 27708 USA

[34] Field Museum, Sci & Educ, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[35] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota 111321, Colombia

[36] Univ Los Andes, Fac Ciencias Forestales & Ambientales, Inst Invest Desarrollo Forestal, Merida 5101, Venezuela

[37] Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

[38] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QK, England

[39] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil

[40] PDBFF, Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[41] Nat Biodivers Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[42] Univ Utrecht, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands

[43] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[44] Univ Autonoma Beni, Riberalta, Riberalta, Bolivia

来源：

DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS | 2015年 / 21卷 / 11期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

Amazon basin; Eudicots; Magnoliids; Monocots; phylogenetic diversity; species richness; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; RAPID DIVERSIFICATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; CONSERVATION; EVOLUTION; PHYLOCOM; FORESTS;

D O I：

10.1111/ddi.12357

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Aim To examine variation in the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of tree communities across geographical and environmental gradients in Amazonia. Location Two hundred and eighty-three c.1ha forest inventory plots from across Amazonia. Methods We evaluated PD as the total phylogenetic branch length across species in each plot (PDss), the mean pairwise phylogenetic distance between species (MPD), the mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their equivalents standardized for species richness (ses.PDss, ses.MPD, ses.MNTD). We compared PD of tree communities growing (1) on substrates of varying geological age; and (2) in environments with varying ecophysiological barriers to growth and survival. Results PDss is strongly positively correlated with species richness (SR), whereas MNTD has a negative correlation. Communities on geologically young- and intermediate-aged substrates (western and central Amazonia respectively) have the highest SR, and therefore the highest PDss and the lowest MNTD. We find that the youngest and oldest substrates (the latter on the Brazilian and Guiana Shields) have the highest ses.PDss and ses.MNTD. MPD and ses.MPD are strongly correlated with how evenly taxa are distributed among the three principal angiosperm clades and are both highest in western Amazonia. Meanwhile, seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and forests on white sands have low PD, as evaluated by any metric. Main conclusions High ses.PDss and ses.MNTD reflect greater lineage diversity in communities. We suggest that high ses.PDss and ses.MNTD in western Amazonia results from its favourable, easy-to-colonize environment, whereas high values in the Brazilian and Guianan Shields may be due to accumulation of lineages over a longer period of time. White-sand forests and SDTF are dominated by close relatives from fewer lineages, perhaps reflecting ecophysiological barriers that are difficult to surmount evolutionarily. Because MPD and ses.MPD do not reflect lineage diversity per se, we suggest that PDss, ses.PDss and ses.MNTD may be the most useful diversity metrics for setting large-scale conservation priorities.

引用

页码：1295 / 1307

页数：13

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