Carbon-coated titanium dioxide micro-bowls as an anode material for Li-ion batteries

A series of micro-sized TiO2 materials with different morphologies were synthesized via pyrolysis of spray-dried precursors, which were obtained via tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) hydrolysis reaction. The pH value of the precursor sol and its T,BT content significantly influenced the morphology of the synthesized TiO2 materials but showed little effect on the improvement of lithiation-delithiation capacity. The carbon coating effect on the electrochemical performance improvement depended on the morphology of the synthesized TiO2 particles. Carbon-coated TiO2 bowls with a large thickness (1.18 mu m) provide an initial Li+ insertion capacity of 310 mAh g(-1) at a cut-off voltage of 1V vs. Li+/Li, which is much higher than the carbon-coated TiO2 bowls with a small thickness (0.62 mu m, capacity: 22 mAh g(-1)). Carbon-coated TiO2 bowls with a small thickness can be activated via lithiation-delithiation cycling between 0 and 3 V. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.