Experimental characterisation of friction for FEA modelling for elastomers

In the Non-linear Finite Element Analysis of elastomers, friction coefficients remain one of the largest unknowns within the modelling process. Even given precise material models, geometry and loading and boundary conditions, without an accurate friction function, errors are built back into the calculations. The possible Value and type of friction function and the corresponding range of computerised results imply an exact solution may only be estimated, and the designer returns to engineering judgement on the limit of the solution. Through a combined project between Forsheda and The University of Birmingham, the use of modular experimental friction tests has lead to friction functions for elastomers under various assembly conditions being produced. Correlation between the experimental and theoretical FEA results is discussed and limitations in the testing procedures highlighted. Extending the friction models to more realistic sealing designs and operational environments is discussed and the accuracy of employing such measures theorised.