Effect of Irrigation Regimes on Yield, Yield components, Content and Composition of the Essential Oil of Four Iranian Land Races of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)

An experiment was conducted to study the termination of irrigation in different phenological stages in different land races of coriander. Three irrigation treatments (I-1: irrigation terminated at the start of blooming, I-2 : irrigation terminated at the start of flowering and I-3 : irrigation terminated at start of seed formation) and four Iranian land races (Hamadan, Khuzestan, Shiraz and Yazd) were studied. Irrigation regimes have not a significant effect on yield components but the highest seed yield was observed in I-3. Water deficit significantly increased essential oil percentage and Linalool content in seeds of coriander but decreased essential oil yield (g.m(-2)). It was no significant differences in plant height, number of umbellets per umbel and seeds weight per plant but Hamadan land race has significantly, higher number of branches and umbels per plant. It was no significant differences in seed yield between the land races. It was an obviously difference in essential oil main components between different land races. Khuzestan land race has the highest content of Linalool in seeds, but the highest essential oil content was observed in Yazd land race. Also the highest content of Pentadecanone in vegetative parts was observed in Shiraz land race. It was no significant difference in essential oil yield of the land races. No significant interaction effect between irrigation regimes and land races was observed.