Experimental investigation and numerical verification of the pressure of fresh concrete on inclined formwork systems

Modern concrete structures have often inclined concrete components as their design elements. Inclined formwork is also used for the construction of other engineering structures such as cooling towers and digesters. The pressure of fresh concrete determines the dimensioning of formwork systems and the possible rate of casting. DIN 18218 as the available code for calculation of fresh concrete pressure does not contain any provisions for inclined formwork. Thus, in construction practice, the hydrostatic pressure is often used as the design value. This can lead to an over-dimensioning of the formwork system or to an unnecessary reduction of pouring rate. The results of current investigation show that the pressure of fresh concrete on the inclined formwork with a constant thickness is lower than on the vertical one.