Chlamydia Pneumonia Mimicking Miliary Tuberculosis

Chlamydia trachomatis is a common cause of subacute, afebrile pneumonia with onset from I to 3 months of age. On physical examination, crepitant inspiratory rales are commonly heard. Infiltration is usually bilateral and interstitial; reticulonodular pattern and atelectasis have also been described, which distinct the disease from miliary tuberculosis. We report an infant who had a disseminated miliary pattern in the chest radiograph and computed tomographic scan of the thorax that was diagnosed as Chlamydia pneumonia with serologic investigations. We emphasized that Chlamydia trachomatis can cause a miliary reticulonodular pattern in radiological examinations of infants who were admitted with respiratory symptoms. We suggest that pneumonia due to C trachomatis should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of infants examined because of a diffuse miliary pattern.