HEMA bound to self-protein promotes auto-antibody production in mice

While several studies report that acrylic monomers contained in dental materials may cause hypersensitivity reactions, little is known of the associated immune response. Here we address the potential of 2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate (HEMA) to bind to endogenous protein and elicit autoantibody production in vivo. Albumin was incubated with HEMA at various times and pH. Following confirmation of the conjugation by inhibition of trinitrophenyl (TNP) binding, female Balb/c mice received HEMA conjugated to mouse serum albumin (MSA) in Freund's incomplete adjuvant or saline subcutaneously. ELISA was used to determine the serum antibody responses to native and modified MSA. IL-2 production in spleen cell cultures stimulated with HEMA-conjugated MSA was measured. HEMA reacted with serum albumin at physiological conditions. HEMA-conjugated MSA induced IL-2 secretion and production of IgG antibodies to native MSA. The results suggest that modification of an endogenous protein like serum albumin with HEMA may defeat the control of immune responses to this self-protein.