Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes distribution in Pseudomonas species from livestock samples in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background: Pseudomonas species have extensive metabolic versatility and potential public health threat. Livestock are latent source of bacteria pathogens that could serve as reservoir and means of spread of antibiotics resistant genes. Most studies on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases have focused on human clinical Enterobacteriaceae while studies on Pseudomonas species especially in livestock are limited. The occurrence of betalactamase genes in Pseudomonas species isolated from different livestock samples was evaluated. Methods: The detection of ESBL and beta-lactamase encoding genes: blaTEM, blaSHV, AmpC, blaCTX, blaNDM and blaKPC in the ESBL-producing Pseudomonas species isolated from livestock samples (in a previous study) was carried out using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 51 ESBL- producing Pseudomonas spp. were genotyped for ESBL and beta-lactamase encoding genes. Of the eight isolates obtained from poultry samples, AmpC was detected in 25.0% while 60.0% of the five isolates from the swine samples possessed the same gene. Of the 18 isolates from the cattle samples, AmpC and blaTEM genes were detected in 26.3% and 72.2% respectively. Moreover, out of the 20 isolates from the fish pond samples, ampC was detected in 55.0%, blaTEM in 35.0% and blaSHV in 10.05%. Furthermore, blaTEM and AmpC genes were found in 23.5% isolates, AmpC and blaTEM genes were detected in 11.8% while, 3.9% harboured AmpC, blaTEM and blaSHV genes. However, blaCTX, blaNDM and blaKPC were not detected in any of the isolates. Conclusion: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes were detected in ESBL-producing Pseudomonas species isolated from different livestock samples in the present study with blaTEM gene being the most prevalent. Because extended-spectrum beta-lactamase is a growing public health concern, attention should therefore be focused on livestock harboring ESBL-producing bacteria which may pose a health risk to human beings if there is contact with such samples.