Energy Management of a Battery-Flywheel Storage System used for Regenerative Braking Recuperation of an Electric Vehicle

This article proposes an energy recuperation management of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) during regenerative braking of an Electric Vehicle. The HESS is composed of a Li-Ion battery, and a high speed Flywheel Energy Storage (FES). At low speed, the integration of a controlled dissipative resistor is used to prevent battery overcurrent and overvoltage. At high speed, Voltage Current Limited Maximum Torque (VCLMT) control method is applied to reach the maximal speed allowed. Sizing of the flywheel and the design of the Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control will also be presented. Simulation results show the dynamic behavior of the flywheel according to the PMSM desired control as well as the energy recovery strategy.