In order to understand the types and distribution characteristics of the common diseases in Tianjin Agricultural College, to provide a basis for medical and health care, the clinical data of college students from September 2016 to December 2016 in Tianjin Agricultural College Hospital were analyzed statistically. The conclusions were drawn: colds, upper respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, excessive internal heat, sprain, gastroenteritis, skin irritation, toothache, stomach pain, eye fatigue, conjunctivitis, dysmenorrheal, rhinitis, otitis media and beriberi were the common diseases of college students, and the top 6 of the common diseases were colds, upper respiratory tract infection, excessive internal heat, sprain, gastroenteritis and skin allergies. According to the different living areas, the conclusions were also obtained: the college students from rural areas with a high incidence rate of cold, upper respiratory tract infections, excessive internal heat and gastroenteritis; the college students from the city with a high incidence rate of skin irritation; and the incidence rate of sprain had no obvious relationship with the living areas. According to different students, health care workers in colleges and universities should carry out medical and health education, improve the resistance of college student's disease, and reduce the incidence of common diseases of college students.