A Frequency and Radiation Pattern Combo-Reconfigurable Novel Antenna for 5G Applications and Beyond

This paper presents a novel combo-reconfigurable architecture for the frequency and radiation patterning of a novel antenna system for future fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave mobile communication. The tuning system independently controls the frequency and radiation pattern shifts, without letting them affect each other. The proposed antenna consists of two patches, radiating at 28 GHz and 38 GHz. A negative-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) transistor was used as a switch for ON/OFF states. Frequency reconfiguration was controlled by switches SD1 and SD2, while pattern reconfigurability was achieved by SD3-SD18. The desired resonant frequencies of 28 GHz and 38 GHz were achieved by varying patch dimensions through the ON and OFF states of the SD1 and SD2 switches. Similarly, parasitic stubs on the ground are used to control surface currents, which results in pattern reconfiguration. The results were analyzed for 18 different combinations of the switch states. Adding/removing parasitic stubs and switches changed the beam steering angle (by 45 degrees shift) from 0 degrees to 180 degrees, which modified the stub dimensions and changed the beam-width of the main lobe.