A New Encryption Algorithm Based on Fibonacci Polynomials and Matrices

Confusion and diffusion features are two fundamental needs of encoded text or images. These features have been used in various encryption algorithms such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES). The AES adopts the Sbox table formed with irreducible polynomials, while the DES employs the Feistel and Sbox structures. This study proposes a new encryption algorithm based on Fibonacci polynomials and matrices, which meets the fundamental needs of image encryption and provides an alternative to other encryption algorithms. The success of the proposed method was tested on three different images, as evidenced by the histogram analysis results of the sample images, together with the number of changing pixel rate (NPCR) and the unified averaged changed intensity (UACI). In addition, the root mean squared error (RMSE) suggests that the decoded images are consistent with the original images. It can therefore be summarized that the proposed encryption algorithm is suitable for image encryption.