Practical h-p adaptive finite-element analysis strategies for irregular triangles and tetrahedra

Practical h-p adaption methods designed to exploit the h-refinement modeling efficiencies of irregular triangles and tetrahedra are developed and investigated. A range of fundamental h- and h-p adaptive approaches for both scalar and vector elements are proposed and explored. The main advantages and drawbacks of these techniques are illustrated, and then evaluated in terms of the traditional h- and h-p adaption models.