Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with coffee in Vietnam

Roots and soil were sampled in May 2005 from coffee plantations in fifteen localities of the seven coffee producing provinces of Vietnam for the presence of plant-parasitic nematodes on Coffea arabica and C canephora. Twenty-one plant-parasitic nematodes species representing 14 genera were recovered from the rhizosphere soil. The endoparasitic nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne spp., P. coffeae and R. arabocoffeae were predominant and occurred in 22916, 21516, 27916 and 11516 of all soil samples with 332, 257, 124 and 61 individuals/250 cm(3) soil, respectively. Pratylenchus coffeae, R. arabocoffeae and Meloidogyne spp. were found in 24516, 9916 and 12916 of all root samples, respectively. Pratylenchus coffeae was present in root samples from 11 of the 15 localities, while Meloidogyne occurred in root samples from 9 localities but was present in soil samples from 12 localities. Root-knot nematodes were not found in root and soil samples from the Northern region (Muong Ang and Son La) and Dak Doa. Radopholus arabocoffeae was not detected in samples from localities from Northern and Centre of Vietnam, but was only present in some of the Western Highlands localities. Plant-parasitic species recorded for the first time in Vietnam in association with coffee were Hoplolaimus chambus, Xiphinema elongatum, Diphterophora perplexans, Apratylenchus vietnamensis and A. binhi. The occurrence of the main nematode genera varied across clusters of sod texture. Samples with high numbers of Meloidogyne spp. were grouped in clay soils, whereas R. arabocoffeae occurred in sandy and loamy soils indistinctively. Pratylenchus spp. and R. reniformis were present in large numbers in sandy soils.