Uropathogens causing urinary tract infection in adults in a tertiary care hospital

Objective: To study the profile of uropathogens, causing UTI in adults in our hospital and research center, assess their pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility, the clinical course, and outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included all participants with suspected UTI whose urine samples grew a positive culture of uropathogens. The study was done in the department of microbiology from July 2019 to December 2019. The urine samples were processed by standard methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The details of the pathogens grown and their antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance patterns were recorded, and the participants were followed up during their course in the hospital. Results: A total of 549 urine samples from adult participants showed positive cultures. Ceftriaxone (33.3%; n = 50) and piperacillin + tazobactam (31.3%; n = 47) were the empirical antimicrobials used. Escherichia coli (37.5%; n = 195) was the most common uropathogen, followed by Enterococcus spp. (17.3%; n = 90) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.1%; n = 63). E. coli was resistant to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin and sensitive to meropenem, amikacin, and piperacillin + tazobactam. Conclusion: The changing etiology of UTI and emergence of drug resistance is highlighted. Different uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance are a concern for future treatment options in UTI.