[1] Nihon Univ, Sch Med, Dept Social Med, Div Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan
[2] Oita Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Epidemiol, Fac Med, 1-1 Idaigaoka,Hasama Machi, Yufu, Oita 8795593, Japan
[3] Tottori Univ, Fac Med, Dept Social Med, Div Environm & Prevent Med, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
[4] Natl Hosp Org Kurihama Med & Addict Ctr, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
[5] Shimane Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Fac Med, Izumo, Shimane, Japan