A unified coupled multiscale mechano-diffusion-reaction model of environmental degradation of polymer matrix composite (PMC) and ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is developed. The unified multiscale-multiphysics model couples multiple physical processes at multiple scales, including oxygen diffusion, oxidation, and deformation. The salient feature of the unified multiscale-multiphysics model is its computational efficiency accomplished through a systematic model reduced carried out prior to nonlinear analysis. The model has been validated for PMR-15 reinforced carbon fiber composite and melt infiltrated CMC-NASA N24A material system.