Ethics of assertive outreach (assertive community treatment teams)

Purpose of review Assertive outreach, also known as assertive community treatment, is a well established service model in several countries for people with severe and enduring mental health problems who do not engage with psychiatric services. However, it has been criticized for being coercive and paternalistic. The present review considers a number of recent contributions to the debate concerning the ethics of assertive outreach. Recent findings Assertive outreach brings into sharp focus a number of ethical issues that affect most mental health services, but it also generates new ones, primarily whether delivery of a service to people who are refusing it and are not legally bound to accept it can be justified. Several authors have grappled with these issues, mainly through using traditional principles of ethical treatment based on professional values, and this paper reviews such attempts at resolving those dilemmas. In so doing, it reveals the limitations of such approaches. Summary In conclusion, the present review suggests an alternative ethical basis for supporting delivery of assertive outreach services to a reluctant client group, which focuses more on the client's values and areas of assistance with which they express genuine appreciation and satisfaction.