Algimonas arctica sp nov., isolated from intertidal sand, and emended description of the genus Algimonas

A novel Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, pale-orange-pigmented bacterium, designated strain SM1216(T), was isolated from Arctic intertidal sand. Cells of strain SM1216(T) were dimorphic rods with a single polar prostheca or flagellum. The strain grew at 4-30 degrees C (optimum at 25 degrees C) and with 0.5-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum with 2-3 %). It reduced nitrate to nitrite but did not hydrolyse gelatin, DNA or Tween 80. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SM1216(T) was affiliated with the genus Algimonas in the family Hyphomonadaceae, sharing 97.5 and 96.3 % similarity with Algimonas ampicilliniresistens 14A-2-7(T) and Algimonas porphyrae 0C-2-2(T), respectively, the two known species in the genus Algimonas. However, the level of DNA DNA relatedness between strain SM1216(T) and the type strain of A. ampicilliniresistens, the nearest phylogenetic neighbour, was 57.9 %. The major cellular fatty acids of strain SM1216(T) were (1)omega 7c and C-18 (:) (1)2-OH. The main polar lipids of strain SM1216(T) were monoglycosyldiglyceride (MGDG), glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride (GUDG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and three unidentified phospholipids (PL1-3). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q10). The genomic G+C content of strain SM1216(T) was 60.6 mol%. On the basis of the evidence from this polyphasic study, strain SM1216(T) represents a novel species in the genus Algimonas, for which the name Algimonas arctica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SM1216(T) (=MCCC 1K00233(T)=KCTC 32513(T)). An emended description of the genus Algimonas is also given.