Along with the rapid development of modern society, the quantity of secretaries needed by society is rising year by year. The huge demand brings about opportunity and impetus for the vigorous development of secretary vocation but is also accompanied by such phenomena as varying professional quality of secretary personnel, increasingly serious post accidie mentality, and so forth. How to establish a scientific and rational vocational assessment system for secretaries has become a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. To ensure the overall quality of secretary team and the efficient running of secretary agency, the rulers of all ancient dynasties in China established vocational assessment systems for secretaries and constantly improved and innovated them in the long-term process of implementation. The research on the ancient vocational assessment system for secretaries is of important reference significance to the establishment and innovation of contemporary assessment system for the same.