Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyurethanes Based on Vegetable Oils Amide and Ester Polyols

Amide and ester type polyols were synthesized from rapeseed, sunflower and castor oils, and two types of ethanolamine (diethanolamine and triethanolamine) at different molar ratio. Poly(urethane amides) and polyester urethanes based on the synthesized polyols were prepared. The effect of the chemical structure of the obtained polyurethanes on density, glass transition temperature, thermal stability and mechanical properties was investigated. The influence of the content of OH groups in the synthesized polyols on the specified characteristics was estimated. It has been found that poly(urethane amides) have better mechanical characteristics, but their thermal stability is lower than that of polyester urethanes. The chemical structure of the synthesized polyols and polyurethanes is qualitatively confirmed by IR-spectroscopy data. Keywords: poly(urethane amide), polyester urethane, vegetable oils, properties.