The Application of TSP in Advanced Detection of Echelon Fracture Zone in Guanjiao Tunnel

As the most extensive, best advanced geological prediction system in China, the TSP completes the advanced detection of tunnel by receiving artificial seismic wave. The paper has discussed the application of TSP in the Asia's longest plateau railway tunnel-Guanjiao Tunnel by studying the echelon fracture zone which developed in the Tibetan Plateau. With the contrast between the actual excavation and the results of TSP, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) The echelon fracture zone is the Tibetan Plateau common geological structure whose activity is controlled by the modern tectonic stress field. the relationship between the echelon fracture zone and the Guanjiao Tunnel impacts directly on the stability of surrounding rock at the junction. (2) In Front of Face 100m range, TSP can effectively detect the wide-angle blind structure which intersect with the tunnel. (3) The key to ensure the quality of TSP and reduce the error in the TSP interpretation are composed by the following three points: distinguishing the blind structure which control the landslides, grasping the main characteristics of advanced prediction's object and determining the relationship of the blind structure and the Guanjiao tunnel.