Economic dispatch of microgrids considering CO2 emissions reduction and BESS units integration

The integration of energy storage systems offers an important alternative to improve the reliability of the electricity grids when a large amount of renewable energy penetration is presented, as occurs in microgrids. This technology exhibits flexibility in its operation and can be used as power support when intermittent occurs. However, the storage energy is finite and must be used in the best way to improve the impact over the operation of electrical grid. Thus, this article presents an evaluation of a model to define a strategy for economic dispatch of microgrids considering penalties for the use of generation based on fossil fuels, as well as incentives to mitigate the emission of polluting gases. A demand response program is used as a bonus scheme to the consumers for making a decrease in their consumption during contingency periods. Renewable generation is considered within the day-ahead dispatch under the consideration that it is possible to determine these generation profiles. The dispatch strategy is evaluated in a system with the integration of renewable energy sources, battery energy storage systems under different wind and irradiance profiles.