Friedrich Hayek's theory of mind is shown to have anticipated modern conceptualizations in neurology, psychology and artificial intelligence research. That theory is also a basis for the fullest understanding of Hayek's intellectual contributions in economics, epistemology, ethics, jurisprudence and politics. Hayek was the leading proponent of 20th-century Austrian microeconomics and the principal scourge of Keynesian macroeconomic demand management. He is also recognized for his antipathy to socialism, and for his association with 'Thatcherism' in the UK and 'Reagonomics' in the USA. Hayek's advocacy of a competitive market economy is founded upon a liberal ethos that allows individuals to discover most effectively how they might best serve their own ends. Since his death in 1992, Hayek's scholarship has become the subject of an extensive reappraisal. In this, a previously neglected work-The Sensory Order-has crucial importance.