Resources for improving space launch infrastructure are very limited and must be used in a manner that most effectively contributes to the safety and competitiveness of the launch vehicle industry A benefit-cost methodology for assessing the impacts of investments in space launch infrastructure is defined, Potential infrastructure investments are categorized based on an analysis of existing project proposals, range requirements, and industry needs. The categories used include space launch vehicles, improvement/modification to an existing launch facility, and new spaceports. The uses and limitations of macroeconomic input/output analysis for assessing the impacts of space launch infrastructure investments is also covered. In considering the overall approach, economic drivers were explicitly considered, as well as performance and safety issues. Application of such a structured approach will yield sensitivities that provide an increased understanding of the relative importance of various economic, safety, and environmental concerns.