共 21 条
Tuberculosis in people newly diagnosed with HIV at a large HIV care and treatment center in Northwest Cameroon: Burden, comparative screening and diagnostic yields, and patient outcomes
被引:7
|作者:
Mbu, Eyongetah Tabenyang
[1
]
Sauter, Florian
[1
,6
]
Zoufaly, Alexander
[1
,7
]
Bronsvoort, Barend M. de C.
[2
]
Morgan, Kenton L.
[3
]
Noeske, Jurgen
Abena, Jean-Louis Foe
[4
]
Sander, Melissa S.
[5
]
机构:
[1] Bamenda Reg Hosp, Approved Treatment Ctr HIV AIDS, Bamenda, Cameroon
[2] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[3] Univ Liverpool, Inst Vet Sci, Leahurst, England
[4] Natl TB Programme, Yaounde, Cameroon
[5] TB Reference Lab Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
[6] Pediat Practice Ruth Katona, Freiburg, Germany
[7] Kaiser Franz Josef Hosp, Vienna, Austria
来源:
PLOS ONE
|
2018年
/
13卷
/
06期
关键词:
NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS;
HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS;
RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS;
HIGH PREVALENCE;
EPIDEMIOLOGY;
INFECTION;
D O I:
10.1371/journal.pone.0199634
中图分类号:
O [数理科学和化学];
P [天文学、地球科学];
Q [生物科学];
N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号:
07 ;
0710 ;
09 ;
摘要:
Background Diagnosis of tuberculosis in people living with HIV is challenging due to non-specific clinical presentations and inadequately sensitive diagnostic tests. The WHO recommends screening using a clinical algorithm followed by rapid diagnosis using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay, and more information is needed to evaluate these recommendations in different settings. Methods From August 2012 to September 2013, consecutive adults newly diagnosed with HIV in Bamenda, Cameroon, were screened for TB regardless of symptoms by smear microscopy and culture; the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was performed retrospectively. Time to treatment and patient outcomes were obtained from routine registers. Results Among 1,149 people enrolled, 940 (82%) produced sputum for lab testing; of these, 68% were women, the median age was 35 years (IQR, 28-42 years), the median CD4 count was 291cells/mu L (IQR, 116-496 cells/mu L), and 86% had one or more of current cough, fever, night sweats, or weight loss. In total, 131 people (14%, 95% CI, 12-16%) had sputum culture-positive TB. The WHO symptom screening algorithm had a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI, 86-96%) and specificity of 15% (95% CI, 12-17%) in this population. Compared to TB culture, the sensitivity of direct smear microscopy was 25% (95% CI, 18-34%), and the sensitivity of Xpert was 68% (95% CI, 58-76); the sensitivity of both was higher for people reporting more symptoms. Only one of 69 people with smear-negative/culture-positive TB was started on TB treatment prior to culture positivity. Of 71 people with bacteriologically-confirmed TB and known outcome after 6 months, 13 (17%) had died, including 11 people with smear-negative TB and 6 people with both smear and Xpert-negative TB. Conclusions Use of the most sensitive rapid diagnostic test available is critical in people newly diagnosed with HIV in this setting to maximize the detection of bacteriologically-confirmed TB. However, this intervention is not sufficient alone and should be combined with more comprehensive clinical diagnosis of TB to improve outcomes.
引用
收藏
页数:11
相关论文