Graphitization behavior of the implanted furan-resin-derived carbon

Ar or Xe ions were implanted into the fractured-faces or surfaces of as-carbonized glass-like carbon (GC) specimens for modification of the structure of them. Microstructural changes were examined by Raman spectroscopy, by scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the as-carbonized surfaces and fractured-faces of the specimens were changed to an amorphous structure by ion implantation. Implanted as-carbonized surfaces of specimens were restored nearly pristine structures after re-heat-treatment at 3000 degrees C. On the other hand, implanted fractured-faces of specimens resulted in well-developed structures after re-heat-treatment at 3000 degrees C. After reheat-treatment at 3000 degrees C, the degree of graphitization on the implanted fractured-faces was higher than that on the pristine fractured-faces. It can be concluded that mobility of carbon atoms, or free face, seemed to play an important role on surface graphitization. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.