Scalable Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles for Real - Time Applications

Large scale UWSN are being built to monitor the aquatic environments for real-time aquatic applications like scientific exploration, coastline protection. There is a requirement for robust scalable UWSNs which require energy efficient routing making application scenario one of primary problem. UWSNs have unique features in the terms of latency, bandwidth, error probability, node mobility and 3-D space. Thus designing the network protocol for UWSNs is a complicated task. The design challenges for implementing the underwater networks are further analyzed in this paper. A study shows that UWSNs are challenging requiring integration of communication through acoustic waves, data processing and designing of network.