Quality of life in adult patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy. The EPILAK study

Introduction. Quality of life (QoL) is an important aspect in the treatment of patients with epilepsy. Aim. To analyse the QoL using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10) in adults with idiopathic generalised epilepsy and to study factors associated with a worse QoL. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional, multicentre, observational study conducted by 141 neurologists in all the autonomous communities of Spain. Each researcher analysed the QOLIE-10 of two males and two females over 18 years of age with idiopathic generalised epilepsy seen consecutively in public or private practice. The results were standardised: 0 was the worst QoL and 100 was the best. Results. A total of 546 patients were analysed. Women: 51.1% (n = 279). Mean age: 36 +/- 15.3 years old (18-87). Childhood absence seizures: 7.5% (n = 41); juvenile absence seizures: 9.2% (n = 50); juvenile myoclonic seizures: 29.8% (n = 163); only tonic-clonic seizures: 53.5% (n = 292). Monotherapy: 63.2% (n = 345). Seizure-free in the last year: 53.1% (n = 290). Psychiatric comorbidity: anxiety: 28.4% (n = 155); depression: 14.1% (n = 77); attention deficit: 10.1% (n = 55). Employment status: in active employment: 47.2% (n = 258); student: 20% (n = 109); housewife/husband: 7.3% (n = 40); pensioner: 10.2% (n = 56); unemployed: 14.3% (n = 78). Marital status: married or in a relationship: 49.1% (n = 268); single: 43.7% (n = 239). Mean score on the QOLIE-10: 71.4 +/- 19.1. Being female (p = 0.006), greater frequency of seizures (p < 0.001), polytherapy (p < 0.001), psychiatric comorbidity (p < 0.001) and unemployment (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a worse QoL. Conclusions. The QoL of patients with idiopathic/genetic generalised epilepsy is affected by poor seizure control, psychiatric comorbidity and unemployment, and women are more affected than men.