Posterior Canal Wall Reconstruction in Squamosal Type of Chronic Otitis Media: One-Year Follow-up Study

Introduction: The removal of Cholesteatoma remains a matter of debate with varying opinion, but the primary objectives remain complete eradication of the disease and creation of a safe ear. Restoration of hearing is secondary objective. Reconstruction of posterior canal wall can be attempted after complete removal of cholesteatoma with different materials. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the outcome of posterior canal wall reconstruction in patients undergoing modified radical mastoidectomy. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional cross-sectional study has been done on forty patients in the department of otorhinolaryngology and head-neck surgery, in a tertiary care hospital in Western Uttar Pradesh with an enrolment period of 1 year and a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Results: In the present study, the success rate of canal reconstruction was 85%. The most common site of middle ear cleft which was found to be mostly affected by cholesteatoma was aditus in 94.12%, followed by posterior attic, middle ear, and sinus tympani accounting for 91.18%, 82.35%, and 79.41%, respectively. Incus was found to be the most common ear ossicle affected. A statistically significant result was found in the pre- and post-operative average hearing loss and air-bone gap. Conclusion: Canal reconstruction in patients undergoing canal wall down mastoidectomy is a good option in patients presenting with limited disease of squamosal type of chronic otitis media. A candidacy criterion has been proposed for deciding patients in whom canal reconstruction can be tried.