Geochemical assessment of reclaimed lands in the mining regions of Ukraine

The land territories of Ukraine are remarkable for its fertility on the one hand and the existence of the mining sites useful minerals considerable by the amount and assortment on the other hand. In most cases they are mined in the open cut mining method. By the type of bedding in the earth's crust the deposits are differed in flat ones (as Nikopol manganese ore deposit, Kerch iron ore deposit, Pridneprovsky brown coal field, Verkhnedneprovsk deposit of the non-ferrous metal ore, etc.) and steeply dipping ones (as Krivoy Rog and Kerch iron ore deposits, etc.). According to the mechanical-and physical properties of the useful minerals and the overburden of the rock qualitative composition and its usefulness for the utilization the land territories are breached by the quarries, outside dump, tailings, industrial areas of a working and transporting lines. Considering in the dynamics the mining process of the useful minerals it is possible to motivate the rational order of the mine take for the quarries, the use of their worked-out face for the impoundment of the tailings for the creation of the technical deposits from the simultaneously mined minerals and also the different types of the land reclamation. The planned out and prepared properly surface has to be usable for the utilization in the agriculture, in the industrial and civil construction (the tops and platforms of the high waste heaps), for the summer - cottage community building (the small flat areas on the filled - in quarries dumps and tailings, for the creation of the rest zones with the use of tree plantations (the steep slopes of the rock dumps). Landscapes and land present the experimental objects reclamation stations situated in Nikopol manganese ore basin, iron ore, coal deposits in Kerch, Krivoy Rog, Western Donbass mining regions (Kharytonov, 1996; Masyuk and Kharytonov, 2000; Masyuk et al., 1997). The valuation of the lands disturbed by mining and premises for the realization of the land reclamation was given, the technology of the creation of the breach lands soil forming cover was motivated, the chemical composition was estimated.