Fostering active processing of instructional explanations of learners with high and low prior knowledge

被引:24
|
作者
Acuna, Santiago R. [2 ]
Garcia Rodicio, Hector [1 ]
Sanchez, Emilio [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cantabria, Dept Educ, E-39005 Santander, Spain
[2] UAEM Morelos State Univ, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
关键词
Instructional explanations; Misunderstandings; Prior knowledge; Mental model repair view; WORKED-OUT EXAMPLES; COGNITIVE LOAD; TEXT STRUCTURE; STUDENTS; COMPREHENSION; TUTORS;
D O I
10.1007/s10212-010-0049-y
中图分类号
G44 [教育心理学];
学科分类号
0402 ; 040202 ;
摘要
Despite the potential advantages of instructional explanations, evidence indicates that they are usually ineffective. Subsequent work has shown that in order to make instructional explanations effective indeed, one successful strategy is to combine them with indications of the limitations in learners' understanding that they are intended to revise, which makes learners deeply process the explanations. We explored whether this is so for both learners with low and those with high prior domain knowledge. In one experiment, 77 participants with low and high prior knowledge learned about plate tectonics from a multimedia presentation. In addition to the presentation, half the participants received instructional explanations combined with indications, whereas the rest received instructional explanations with no indications. After using the materials, the participants solved retention and transfer tests. Results showed that low prior knowledge learners learned more from explanations including indications of their misunderstandings, whereas high prior knowledge learners profited from instructional explanations either with or without the indications. We discussed theoretical and practical implications.
引用
收藏
页码:435 / 452
页数:18
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