Non-pharmacological methods for the treatment of pain in children and adolescents

This article deals with non-pharmacological methods for the treatment of pain in children and adolescents: acupuncture, homeopathy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, massage, relaxation, heat therapy, and hypnosis. These specialized techniques are used separately, either alone or in association with pharmacological methods. They have the specificity of considering the patient as a whole, including the biological and psycho-affective aspects. These methods are being developed more often, increasingly used but are still far from being systematic. (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits reserves.