Covalent grafting of tryptophan to solid surfaces inhibit protein adsorption

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to improve biocompatibility of polymer surfaces because of their potential application hs drug release(1), drug carrier systems(2) and most important of all as high tensile material for artificial organs(3). Development of suitable synthetic materials for artificial organs has long been a major objective of biomedical research. When a foreign synthetic material is implanted as a replacement of damaged or deseased organ the human body, it elicits hundreds of immune responses(4) and interactions that mainly involve several phenomena like platelet adhesion(5), intrinsic coagulation(6), activation of erythrocyte(7) and morphological changes inmonocyte/macrophage(8) and most importantly activation of the complement cascade of immune system(9). So any implant must be biocompatible which is able to generate nonthrombotic foreign-body response and call evade undesired immune responses.