Neural Efficiency in Expert Cognitive-Motor Performers During Affective Challenge

被引:14
|
作者
Costanzo, Michelle E. [1 ,2 ]
VanMeter, John W. [3 ]
Janelle, Christopher M. [4 ]
Braun, Allen [5 ]
Miller, Matthew W. [1 ,2 ]
Oldham, Jessica [2 ]
Russell, Bartlett A. H. [1 ,2 ,6 ]
Hatfield, Bradley D. [1 ,2 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Maryland, Dept Kinesiol, Sch Publ Hlth, 2351 SPH Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[2] Univ Maryland, Neurosci & Cognit Sci Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[3] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Funct & Mol Imaging, Washington, DC 20007 USA
[4] Univ Florida, Dept Appl Physiol & Kinesiol, Gainesville, FL USA
[5] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Language Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
[6] Univ Maryland, Ctr Adv Study Language, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
关键词
emotional reactivity; experts; fMRI; neural efficiency; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; EMOTION REGULATION; PHYSICAL-EXERCISE; ATHLETES BRAIN; ALPHA RHYTHMS; STRESS; AMYGDALA; ANXIETY; INTELLIGENCE; ACTIVATION;
D O I
10.1080/00222895.2016.1161591
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Skilled individuals demonstrate a spatially localized or relatively lower response in brain activity characterized as neural efficiency when performing within their domain of expertise. Elite athletes are experts in their chosen sport and thus must be not only adept in the motor domain but must be resilient to performing under the stress of high-level competition. Such stability of performance suggests this population processes emotion and mental stress in an adaptive and efficient manner. This study sought to determine if athletes with a history of successful performance under circumstances of mental stress demonstrate neural efficiency during affective challenges compared to age-matched controls. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the blood-oxygen level-dependent response was recorded during emotional challenge induced by sport-specific and general unpleasant images. The athletes demonstrated neural efficiency in brain regions critical to emotion regulation (prefrontal cortex) and affect (insula) independently of their domain of expertise, suggesting adaptive processing of negative events and less emotional reactivity to unpleasant stimuli.
引用
收藏
页码:573 / 588
页数:16
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