In connection with a double-edged spatha found in a late Roman grave at the archaeological site of Hegyeshalom, Holdas-szantok, we examine the possibility of Celtic or Germanic origin of the Late Imperial Pannonian swords. The different parts of the swords are taken individually as a basis for comparison, given the shape of the hilt, blade shoulder, blade length and tip, scabbard and chape. In addition to the Western and Central European territories, we also cover the Eastern, parthus influence, and also the long swords of the Sarmatian tribes living in the vicinity of Pannonia provide information on the subject of late Roman spathas. It cannot be ignored that during many occasions the Imperium Romanum faced the different weapons and fighting style of the enemies on the battlefield, to which they were forced to adapt in the hope of victory. In determining the origin of swords, it makes difficult that we can only speak of a 'pure' Roman type if the weapon is identical in every detail to either the Celtic or the Germanic swords. Complicating the subject further the fact that the ethnicity of swords cannot be determined in all cases. Even if they were acquired as booty or are subject of trade by Barbarians and vice versa by the Romans, they are placed in the typological system based on the location of the archaeological site. After the sword discussed, it is also important to address the issue of the archaeological context the spatha was found. The deceased buried with the spatha in the Roman cemetery of Hegyeshalom, Holdas-szantok may have been a military veteran, confirmed by the fact that he was buried with his pilum, spatha and paludamentum. His onion-headed fibula suggests that after his dismissal from the military, he also held some sort of position in the community.
