Striking Promotion of the In Vitro Myeloma Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Aggregation by Ankaferd Hemostat

Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) is a novel topical hemostatic agent. ABS-induced formation of the protein network with vital erythroid aggregation covers the entire physiological hemostatic process. ABS has pleiotropic cellular, proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic effects. ABS also affects the expression of important hemostatic molecules namely PAR-1, EPCR and PAI-1. The aim of this study was to detect the macroscopic, biochemical, and cytopathological effects of ABS on myeloma monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-protein). Based on our results, the addition of ABS into the serum of both multiple myeloma (MM) and control groups resulted in significantly decrements in the level of total protein, albumin, IgG, IgA and IgM. Furthermore, the decrements in the MM patients were more pronounced than in the healthy control subjects. ABS has a potential role in decreasing of serum proteins and monoclonal M- proteins. Moreover, the declining in the neoplastic monoclonal M-protein was more prominent. We hypothesized that ABS could be used as an "agglutination-controlling factor" for myeloma monoclonal proteins and the protein-aggregating effects of ABS may be helpful for expressing the regulatory molecules promoting or preventing the myeloma protein aggregation.