Preparation, morphology and electrical conductivity of polyaniline/polyoxyalkylene-montmorillonite exfoliated nanocomposites

Polyaniline (PANI)/organoclay exfoliated nanocomposites containing different organoclay contents (14-50 wt%) were prepared. PANI emeraldine base (EB) and oligomeric PANI (o-PANI) were intercalated into montmorillonite (MMT) modified by four types of polyoxyalkylene diamine or triamine (organoclay) using N-methyl pyrolidinone (NMP) as a solvent in the presence of 0.1 M HCl. o-PANI and EB have been synthesized by oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). Infrared absorption spectra (IR) confirm the electrostatic interaction between negatively charged surface of MMT and positively charged sites in PANI. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies disclosed that the d(001) spacing between interlamellar surface disappeared at low content of the organoclay. The morphology of these materials was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electrical conductivities of the PANI-organoclay and o-PANI-organoclay nanocomposites were 1.5 x 10(-3) -2 x 10(-4) and 9.5 x 10(-7) -1.8 x 10(-9) S/cm, respectively depending on the ratio of PANI. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.