Autonomic control of the urogenital tract

被引:15
|
作者
Jobling, Phillip [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Newcastle, Fac Hlth, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
来源
关键词
Pelvic organs; Kidney; Reproductive tract; Vertebrates; Avian; Reptile; Fish; Autonomic ganglia; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; TOAD BUFO-MARINUS; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; RAT URINARY-BLADDER; PIG UTERINE ARTERY; VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; BULLFROG SYMPATHETIC-GANGLIA; PURINERGIC NERVE-STIMULATION; DOGFISH SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; OSTRICH STRUTHIO-CAMELUS;
D O I
10.1016/j.autneu.2010.07.004
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The urogenital tract houses many of the organs that play a major role in homeostasis, in particular those that control water and salt balance, and reproductive function. This review focuses on the anatomical and functional innervation of the kidneys, urinary ducts and bladders of the urinary system, and the gonads, gonadal ducts, and intromittent organs of the reproductive tract. The literature, especially in recent years, is overwhelmingly skewed toward the situation in mammals. Nevertheless, where specific neurochemical markers have been investigated, common patterns of innervation can be found in representatives from most vertebrate classes. Not surprisingly the vasculature, epithelia and smooth muscle of all urogenital organs receives adrenergic innervation. These nerves may contain non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmitters such as ATP and NPY. Cholinergic nerves increase motility in most urogenital organs with the exception of the kidney. The major NANC nerves found to influence urogenital organs include those containing VIP/PACAP, galanin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. These can be found associated with both smooth muscle and epithelia. The role these nerves play, and the circumstances where they are activated are for the most part unknown. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:113 / 126
页数:14
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