Microencapsulated short-chain fatty acids in feed modify colonization and invasion early after infection with Salmonella enteritidis in young chickens

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are widely used as feed additives in poultry for the control of pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enteritidis. Recently, a new range of products was developed in which SCFA are encapsulated in mineral carriers, resulting in a slow release during the transport of these carriers through the intestinal tract. To test the efficacy of this type of products against early colonization after Salmonella infection in poultry, a challenge experiment with S. enteritidis was performed. Five groups of 20 chickens were given feed with no supplement or feed supplemented with acetic acid (0.24%), formic acid (0.22%), or propionic acid (0.27%) as film-coated microbeads or butyric acid (0.15%) as spray-cooled microcapsules. The 5 groups were challenged with 5.10(3) cfu S. enteritidis at d 5 and 6 posthatch, and samples of ceca, liver, and spleen were taken at d 8 and analyzed for the number of colony-forming units of Salmonella per gram of tissue. Feed supplementation with acetic acid, and to a lesser extent formic acid, resulted in an increase of colonization of ceca and internal organs. Birds receiving propionic acid-coated microbeads as feed supplement were colonized with Salmonella to the same extent as controls. Butyric acid-impregnated microbeads in the feed, however, resulted in a significant decrease of colonization by S. enteritidis in the ceca but not in liver and spleen.