Wolfram syndrome (WS), also known as DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness), is a neurodegenerative disease with autosomal recessive inheritance with incomplete penetrance. DIDMOAD is a very rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 770,000 and it is believed to occur in 1 of 150 patients with juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Additionally, WS may also present with different endocrine and metabolic abnormalities such as anterior and posterior pituitary gland dysfunction. This mini-review summarizes the variable presentation of WS and the need of screening for other metabolic and hormonal abnormalities, coexisting in this rare syndrome.
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Hosp Padre Amer Vale Sousa, Serv Pediat, P-4564007 Lugar Do Tapadinho Guilh, Penafiel, PortugalHosp Padre Amer Vale Sousa, Serv Pediat, P-4564007 Lugar Do Tapadinho Guilh, Penafiel, Portugal
Vilan, A.
Faria, O.
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Hosp Sao Joao, Serv Oftalmol, Unidad Neurol Pediat, Oporto, PortugalHosp Padre Amer Vale Sousa, Serv Pediat, P-4564007 Lugar Do Tapadinho Guilh, Penafiel, Portugal
Faria, O.
Campos, M. M.
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Hosp Sao Joao, Serv Pediat, Unidad Neurol Pediat, Oporto, PortugalHosp Padre Amer Vale Sousa, Serv Pediat, P-4564007 Lugar Do Tapadinho Guilh, Penafiel, Portugal