Optimal monitoring of water distribution systems

The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) technology is commonly used in water distribution systems in recently years. Monitoring is one of the most important steps in SCADA's implementation, and in reality monitoring stations used for water pressure are usually decided by experience or simply evenly distributed. For the purpose of more efficient monitoring, a method for optimal monitoring of water pressure in a water distribution system is proposed in this paper, in which, a sensitivity analysis is conducted for determining the sensitivity equation, and the sensitivity equation is then solved by a least-square method. It is found from examples that the method provides an efficient and practical way in which optimal monitoring scheme of water distribution system may be decided.