Phase I Upgrade of the Readout System of the Vertex Detector at the LHCb Experiment

被引：7

作者：

Fernandez Prieto, Antonio ^{[1
,2
]}

Vazquez Regueiro, Pablo ^{[1
,2
]}

Hennessy, Karol ^{[3
]}

Buytaert, Jan ^{[4
]}

van Beuzekom, Martin ^{[5
]}

Lemos Cid, Edgar ^{[1
,2
]}

Eklund, Lars ^{[13
]}

de Bruyn, Kristof ^{[4
]}

Naik, Sneha ^{[13
]}

Schiller, Manuel

Murray, Donal ^{[6
]}

Leflat, Alexander ^{[7
]}

Boente Garcia, Oscar ^{[1
,2
]}

Gallas Torreira, Abraham ^{[1
,2
]}

Garcia Plana, Beatriz ^{[1
,2
]}

Bowcock, Themis ^{[3
]}

Dettori, Francesco ^{[3
]}

Dreimanis, Karlis ^{[3
]}

Lima, Vinicius Franco ^{[3
]}

Hutchcroft, David ^{[3
]}

Rinnert, Kurt ^{[3
]}

Shears, Tara ^{[3
]}

Augusto, Oscar ^{[4
]}

Coco, Victor ^{[4
]}

Collins, Paula ^{[4
]}

Evans, Tim ^{[4
]}

Ferro-Luzzi, Massi ^{[4
]}

Funk, Wolfgang ^{[4
]}

Schindler, Heinrich ^{[4
]}

Akiba, Kazu ^{[5
]}

Dall'Occo, Elena ^{[5
]}

Graz, Cristina Sanchez ^{[5
]}

Hulsbergen, Wouter ^{[5
]}

Hynds, Daniel ^{[5
]}

Kostiuk, Igor ^{[5
]}

Merk, Marcel ^{[5
]}

Snoch, Aleksandra ^{[5
]}

Bobulska, Dana Seman ^{[13
]}

Borghi, Silvia ^{[6
]}

de Capua, Stefano ^{[6
]}

Dutta, Deepanwita ^{[6
]}

Gersabeck, Marco ^{[6
]}

Parkes, Chris ^{[6
]}

Svihra, Peter ^{[6
]}

Williams, Mark ^{[6
]}

Bogdanova, Galina ^{[7
]}

Volkov, Vladimir ^{[7
]}

Kopciewicz, Pawel ^{[8
]}

Majewski, Maciej ^{[8
]}

Oblakowska-Mucha, Agnieszka ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Galego Fis Altas Enerxias IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela 15705, Spain

[2] Univ Santiago de Compostela, High Energy Phys Dept, Santiago De Compostela 15705, Spain

[3] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England

[4] European Org Nucl Res CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

[5] Natl Inst Subat Phys Nikhef, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands

[6] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[7] Moscow State Univ MSU, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia

[8] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Particle Interact & Detect Tech, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland

[9] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Dept Phys, BR-21941901 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[10] Univ Bristol, Sch Phys, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England

[11] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England

[12] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[13] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland

来源：

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE | 2020年 / 67卷 / 04期

关键词：

Field-programmable gate array (FPGA); high energy physics (HEP) instrumentation; high-speed readout; real-time; data acquisition system; silicon detector; vertex detector;

D O I：

10.1109/TNS.2020.2970534

中图分类号：

TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];

学科分类号：

0808 ; 0809 ;

摘要：

This article describes the high-speed system designed to meet the challenging requirements for the readout of the new pixel VErtex LOcator (VELO) of the upgraded LHCb experiment. All elements of the electronics readout chain will be renewed to cope with the requirement of similar to 40-MHz full-event readout rate. The pixel sensors will be equipped with VeloPix ASICs and placed at similar to 5 mm from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) beams in a secondary vacuum tank in an extremely high and nonhomogeneous radiation environment. The front-end (FE) ASICs with the highest occupancy will have to cope with pixel-hit rates above similar to 900 Mhits/s using up to four 5.13-Gb/s data readout links. Each module comprises six VeloPix ASICs, wire-bonded to two FE hybrid boards, while a third hybrid will employ a GBTx ASIC as the control interface. High-speed data will reach the wall of the vacuum chamber through low-mass flexible copper tapes. A custom board routes the signals outside the vacuum tank. On the air side, an optical and power board converts the electrical high-speed signals into optical signals for transmission from the underground cavern to the off-detector electronics that process data and send them to a farm of computers for further analysis. Several tests allowing the validation of the system are described here with special emphasis on a test with proton beams that confirms the correct operation of the whole readout hardware.

引用

页码：732 / 739

页数：8

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