Effective schools and home-school-community partnership roles: A framework for parent involvement

The increased interest in parent involvement as a strategy for school reform stems from two bodies of parent involvement research. One set of studies examined family learning environments; the other investigated the impact on student learning of school-initiated parent involvement programs. This article reviews these two bodies of research, which have influenced current discussions about home-school partnerships, shows the relation ship between practices of successful home-learning environments and effective schools research, and uses this relationship to propose a typology of home-school-community partnership roles and activities. When the research on effective family practices is combined with effective schools research and placed within a typology of partnership roles, schools have a framework for examining current parent involvement practices and exploring strategies that will enhance student learning both at home and at school.