Model Conceptualization of System Dynamics for Evaluating Extended Producer Responsibility Strategy in Plastic Waste Management Policy in Indonesia

Many countries have implemented Extended producer responsibility (EPR) strategies in terms of packaging waste management. Albeit having the regulations on waste management stated that producers have to take responsibility in managing their product waste, Indonesia, as the second largest contributor of plastic waste to the open ocean, has yet to implement EPR strategies in their plastic packaging waste management policy. To further address this environmental issue, the government of Indonesia formulated National Waste Management Policy and Strategy in 2017, which aims to reduce 30% of waste generation and manage 70% of waste generated in 2025. This study provides a conceptual model of system dynamics, which integrates EPR strategy schemes into the current plastic waste management policy in Indonesia using a causal loop diagram. This valid conceptual model hopefully could support many policy modelers to construct valid system dynamics model to evaluate relevant waste management policies in the future.